University endowments are sums of money or other financial assets that are donated to academic institutions. Endowment funds are important in supporting the teaching, research and public service missions of higher education establishments, and of late they are increasingly embracing criteria, with a particular focus on committing to sustainable investments and walking away from fossil fuels.
Harvard University, the University of California, Boston University and Georgetown University in the US, and Cambridge University and Oxford University in the UK are among the high-profile educational institutions that have .
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This doesn’t come as a surprise as has been on the list of the leading ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ criteria among educational institutions, according to a report published by the US SIF foundation, a US-based forum for sustainable and responsible investment.
In addition, the in the US reiterates that climate change and carbon emissions are the leading ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ criteria for educational institutions, ahead of conflict risk, human rights, sustainable natural resources and agriculture, and equal employment opportunity and diversity.
How does ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ impact on investment returns?
among endowments, the impact of ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ adoption on investment returns among the institutional asset management community is also garnering a great deal of attention. Â
A survey by Captrust Financial Advisors shows that there is a difference in views on how ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ strategies might impact performance among adopters and non-adopters. The reveals that 48% of the endowments and foundations that have adopted ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ believe that ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ strategies enhance returns. This is twice the rate of non-adopters.
In addition, the survey states that “new adopters allocate to ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ strategies that incorporate a best efforts approach to their core values rather than a fixed approach to avoiding companies with specific business practicesâ€.
Do endowments incorporate ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ for different reasons compared with other institutional investors?
The growth of ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ incorporation reported by institutional investors has been steadily increasing since 2005, according to data from the US SIF.
This shows the growing interest of as a topic. However, this doesn’t mean that all types of institutional investors have the same approach towards ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½. In fact, a 2021 reveals that different types of institutional investor embrace ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ for different reasons.
More specifically, the survey shows that fiduciary responsibility and improved risk profile are among the top reasons why endowments incorporate ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ factors.
Fiduciary duty seems to be a key driver for decision-making among endowments when it comes to ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½. Harvard president Lawrence Bacow cited fiduciary reasons when explaining the university's move to divest from fossil fuels.
“Given the need to and our responsibility as fiduciaries to make long-term investment decisions that support our teaching and research mission, we do not believe such investments are prudent,†he wrote in a letter .
Other reasons that endowments incorporate ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½ include aligning a portfolio with their values, higher long-term returns and utilising the investment fund to make an impact.
The data reveals that stakeholder concerns are not among the reasons why endowments incorporate ²ÝÝ®´«Ã½, as opposed to public pension funds and foundations that incorporate it for such reasons.
Apart from stakeholder concerns, aligning portfolios with values is another top reason for public pension funds. This is also the top reason for corporate pension funds (41%) but to a lesser degree compared with the public pension funds (75%).
Despite there being different reasons why , the most important thing is that each sees it as part of a , and not just an exercise in greenwashing. University endowment investments may not come with the stakeholder pressures that other forms of investment come with, but no one wants to be involved with an institution that associates itself with unseemly, environmentally damaging practices.